Simpson's Paradox is a statistical phenomenon that occurs when you combine subgroups into one group. The process of aggregating data can cause the apparent direction and strength of the relationship between two variables to change.
source: https://statisticsbyjim.com/basics/simpsons-paradox/
source: https://www.tjanesky.com/post/simpsons-paradoxSee the TWOTW articles on clustering.

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